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Downhole fluid analysis provides the unique ability to measure reservoir fluid gradients vertically and laterally. This webinar focuses on the combination of measurement and theory, which has launched a new discipline—reservoir fluid geodynamics.
Overpressured formations have been encountered in every continent in the world where exploration wells are drilled for hydrocarbons. Unexpected overpressure is a major cause of drilling hazards like stuck pipe, well kicks, lost wells and blow-outs, that cost the industry millions of dollars. Accurate Pore Pressure Prediction (PPP) plays an important role in reducing drilling risk and cost, improving wellbore stability and optimizing casing seat selection and mud programs.
Paradigm provides technologies for well log and seismic-based Pore Pressure Prediction. Geolog Pore Pressure Prediction contains a rich collection of methods and formulas for pressure estimation using a variety of well logs. With Geolog Pore Pressure Prediction, the user not only predicts pressures at selected well locations, but also creates a 1D model for 3D seismic based Pore Pressure Prediction.
QSI Pore Pressure Prediction provides technologies for seismic based Pore Pressure Prediction, including:
In this technical session we shall present and demonstrate technologies and workflows using seismic velocity, with a focus on the following topics:
This presentation focuses on the important step of understanding the geologic origin of various hazards at the seafloor in deep water and around salt by reviewing the geologic origin, characteristics, and behaviors of deepwater hazards and challenges.
Mick Jagger, philosopher and singer of The Rolling Stones back in 1969, sang rather pessimistically “You can’t always get what you want.” These words should ring true to all geoscientists: What we really want are measures of rock properties (such as facies/rock types, porosity, saturation, etc.), but what we typically measure in the field are quantities like resistivity, density, seismic wiggles, etc., —signals that are “somehow” related (to a smaller or larger degree) to these desired rock properties.
Obtaining profiles of rock properties from measured well logs is called petrophysical evaluation. Geologists, when they want to obtain estimates of overpressures, talk about prediction. Geophysicists, trying to obtain 3D images of rock properties from processed 3D seismic data, have a perhaps better, more formal name for this process: inversion.
Seismic inversion is a difficult endeavor, for the simple reason that the earth filters out a lot of the useful signal as it travels from a source through the subsurface to the receivers. What we are left with is a bandlimited signal with restricted information content. This can be readily seen when we compare a seismic trace against a corresponding impedance profile: The latter typically becomes larger as we go deeper (compaction hardens the earth), whereas the former keeps wiggling around zero. What a mismatch!
Even though the new broadband seismic acquisition technique increases the seismic information content (good!), the signal is still band-limited, and keeps wiggling around zero. Thus, the mismatch with the hardening impedance profile is still there.
In that same song, Jagger also sings of a more optimistic moment: “If you try sometimes, you might find … you get what you need!” — a sentiment I wholeheartedly agree with! Seismic inversion may be difficult, and the information content of the seismic signal may be limited, but there are ever more sophisticated ways to perform seismic inversion, and that is what this lecture is all about.
The trick really is that somehow we need to add information to the seismic inversion process that is not in the seismic itself. For instance, low-frequency information (as the seismic is bandlimited), or high-frequency information (for the same reason). Much of this lecture is about adding this extra information, because there are many ways to do this, though not all equally successful. We shall focus specifically on using rock-physics models to better derive the extra information, because these are nothing other than relationships between what we get and what we want!
Just to put the reader’s mind (and ears) at ease: I shall not be singing during the lecture.
Geomechanical modeling has progressed from basic pore-pressure fracture gradient to fully coupled numerical 3D and 4D models. This webinar focuses on using wellbore data in such models for calibration, including advancements in images and sonic anisotropy interpretation for borehole stress characterization.